zahra ranjbar; Mohammad Chizari; Hasan Sadighi; homayoun farhadian
Abstract
Agriculture is considered an important sector in the world economy. However, this section is always associated with risk, implying the need for more attention to risk management. In this regard, it is important to consider the role of extension training programs and how farmers react to risk. The main ...
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Agriculture is considered an important sector in the world economy. However, this section is always associated with risk, implying the need for more attention to risk management. In this regard, it is important to consider the role of extension training programs and how farmers react to risk. The main purpose of this research was to present a risk management model with focusing on the role of extension training programs among rain-fed wheat producer in Kermanshah province (N=83442). The sample size was determined based on krejcie and Morgan table (n=383). This research has been done through a survey method and multistage sampling method was used to select 383 farmers. Questionnaire was main research instrument. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by panel of experts and the reliability of different parts was approved with Cronbach,s alpha test (0.73 ≤ ɑ ≤ 0.94). The data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS software. Results showed that the positive significant relationship between the awareness of risk sources and extension training programs. Also, the proposed model can explain 50% of changes in risk management. The results of this research provide useful insights for researchers, extension agents and farmers to develop appropriate risk management strategies by expanding the level of collaboration.
enayat abbasi; mahsa saadvandi; humayon farhadian
Abstract
Previous studies showed that the learning environment has the undeniable effect onachieving educational goals. In competence-based education (CBE), one of the most importantgoals is making a connection between education and labor market. Therefore, to achieve thiseducational goal, characteristics of ...
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Previous studies showed that the learning environment has the undeniable effect onachieving educational goals. In competence-based education (CBE), one of the most importantgoals is making a connection between education and labor market. Therefore, to achieve thiseducational goal, characteristics of the learning environment should be taken into account. Inthis analytical- descriptive research, previous studies have been analyzed through contentanalysis and coding method in order to extract characteristics of a competence- based learningenvironment in agricultural higher education. The sample population was 12 related researchesthat selected purposefully. The research instrument was researcher made checklists. Based onthe previous researches and regarding CBE principles, learning environment in agriculturalhigher education have five characteristics including: emphasis on practical activities, emphasison communicational skills, emphasis on learners’ personal development, supporting learner’sparticipation in the learning process, and considering evaluation principles. Considering theresults of the research and the emphasis of CBE on the close relationship between the learningenvironment and workplace and also the empirical nature of the agricultural education, it issuggested that special attention be paid to the learning environment characteristics inagricultural education and curriculum planning
