Agricultural education
Reza Movahedi; Soraya Moradi; Taraneh Sarami Froushani
Abstract
Rural women need empowerment in various dimensions., as an effective group in rural communities development. The present study aims to examine the educational empowerment of rural women and the educational, promotional, economic, and social factors affecting it in the context of sustainable agriculture, ...
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Rural women need empowerment in various dimensions., as an effective group in rural communities development. The present study aims to examine the educational empowerment of rural women and the educational, promotional, economic, and social factors affecting it in the context of sustainable agriculture, conducted in the year 2023. The statistical population studied consists of 2,054 rural women from 12 villages in Islamabad Gharb County, who are directly involved in agricultural activities. From those, 324 individuals were selected as the samples using Morgan's table during a simple random method. This applied research is correlational-causal and conducted through a survey using a questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and the average variance extracted (AVE) was validated at 0.613. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured based on ordinal Alpha (ranging from 0.75 to 0.93) and composite alpha (ranging from 0.78 to 0.94) through a pre-test process. Data analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS Ver. 23, Smart PLS 3, and statistical methods like correlation and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the extracted beta coefficients from path analysis based on the PLS output showed that economic factors, extension education factors, governmental and organizational factors, and social capital had the highest impact on the educational empowerment of rural women, with coefficients of 0.303, 0.280, 0.277, and 0.271, respectively. It needs to motivate rural women through workshops and supportive-motivational programs, encourage their self-organization, and enhance their knowledge and attitudes regarding sustainable agriculture and food security.
Agricultural education
mahnaz amiramini khalafloo; aliakbar khusravibabadi; hamidreza rezazadehbahaderan; Parviz Bayat; Alireza Hasanibafarani
Abstract
In order to preserve the environment in rural areas, it is necessary to take advantage of effective awareness-raising and training methods for the villagers. Women are the main force for transformation and a potential source for village development. The purpose of this research is to investigate effective ...
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In order to preserve the environment in rural areas, it is necessary to take advantage of effective awareness-raising and training methods for the villagers. Women are the main force for transformation and a potential source for village development. The purpose of this research is to investigate effective educational components that are used in the development of empowerment of rural women facilitators of watershed projects in education related to the importance and applications of watersheds. The current research is in the category of applied research in terms of purpose and survey type in terms of strategy. The method used in this research was the combined method (quantitative and qualitative) and the data collection tool was completing the questionnaire in 2019.The statistical population of this research was all women rural facilitators located in 11 villages on the edge of the Kotsar watershed project in Tangistan city in Bushehr province, about 50 people. The sampling method in the current research was targeted non-probability census and face-to-face interviews. One-way analysis of variance has been used to compare the status of the existing and desired training programs for rural women on the margins of water catchment projects. The results of the research showed that in the current conditions , the variable of the principle of communication skills (knowledge of effective communication) is the first principle of women's education, From the point of view of rural women, the outcome they expect from education is to create jobs and employment for women in the watershed implementation area.
Agricultural education
Samira Farzi; SHAHRAM MOGHADDAS FARIMANI
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurship promotion training courses on strengthening the entrepreneurial behavior of rural women. The statistical population of this research consisted of 98 rural women in Tehran province, and random cluster sampling was used ...
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The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of entrepreneurship promotion training courses on strengthening the entrepreneurial behavior of rural women. The statistical population of this research consisted of 98 rural women in Tehran province, and random cluster sampling was used to select the statistical sample, . The sample size was considered equal to 70 people. Among the of Damavand, Varamin and Sole Qan, 4 villages were selected as samples, The data collection tool was a researchermade questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha method with an alpha coefficient of 0.76 and experts' survey. The questionnaire was composed of two parts: individual, social and economic structures and the obstacles and restrictions placed on their way. To analyze the data in this research, statistical inference, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and t-test were used. Based on the obtained results, the components of training courses (instructor, goal, content, teaching method) have a significant effect on strengthening the entrepreneurial behavior ofthem. The average total index calculated for the effectiveness of training courses on strengthening entrepreneurial behavior is 49.29 with a significance level of 0.05 and t=53.19 with a degree of freedom of 69 and with 95% confidence greater than the community average (48) and a critical t value.The total average calculated index of barriers and limitations of entrepreneurship promotion training courses is 64.01 with a significance level of 0.05 and t=77.87 with a degree of freedom of 69 and with 95% confidence is greater than the community average (63) and the critical t value behavior of rural women.
fatemeh sepahvand; saeid karimi
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to identify the educational components of rural women’s economic empowerment to develop home-based businesses in Nahavand County. This study was an applied and exploratory research. In the first step, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 experts. ...
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The main purpose of this study was to identify the educational components of rural women’s economic empowerment to develop home-based businesses in Nahavand County. This study was an applied and exploratory research. In the first step, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 experts. At this step, the key components that could affect the economic empowerment of rural women in the future were identified (with emphasis on the role of educational components). A total of seventeen key components were identified. In the second step, based on the identified components, a questionnaire was developed. After completing the questionnaire, Mikmak software was used to analyze the data. In the second step, a questionnaire was designed. The weighting of this questionnaire was done in pairwise comparisons with numbers between 0 and 3. Then Mikmak software was used for analysis.The results showed that "holding training workshops to introduce the potential of rural women” can increase rural women’s capabilities and also prepare them to enter the economic market and ultimately become self-sufficient. In addition, the results indicated that “women's household products should be regularly presented in the local markets and exhibitions”. Agricultural agents can train rural women to increase the quality of their products. According to the results, providing these supports and services on a regular basis can increase the quality of production and increase rural women’s skills using virtual marketing to develop their home-based businesses. Agricultural agents can also enable rural women to create other jobs and connect more with each other.
Nasrin Rahmati; Arsalan Irajirad; Dr. Mahmoud Mansoub Basiri
Abstract
Since rural women have fewer opportunities to grow and develop entrepreneurship due to existing constraints, this study investigated the effectiveness of agricultural education programs for rural women in creating entrepreneurship among rural women in 1996-95. The purpose of this study is applied, in ...
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Since rural women have fewer opportunities to grow and develop entrepreneurship due to existing constraints, this study investigated the effectiveness of agricultural education programs for rural women in creating entrepreneurship among rural women in 1996-95. The purpose of this study is applied, in terms of field data collection method and in terms of quasi-experimental variables control using questionnaire. The population of the study was 970 rural women members of rural women cooperatives in Alborz province who had previous training and extension courses related to employment and agricultural business. Using Cochran formula, 135 of them were identified and 140 individuals were selected by quota sampling to increase the accuracy of the data. Rural women with no background in training were also used to compare a group of 140 people. The validity of the research instrument was confirmed by expert opinion and the reliability was confirmed by ordinal theta coefficient (θ = 0.79 - 0.91). Results of Mann-Whitney nonparametric test indicated a statistically significant difference in entrepreneurial characteristics between the experimental and control groups. Individuals who participated in entrepreneurship courses also scored higher on the two components of success and ambiguity than the control group. Sequential regression analysis also showed that 6 variables of attitude, work, age, economic status, income, participation in courses and information seeking behavior explained 33% of the probability of changes in the level of dependent variable of entrepreneurial characteristics (R2=0.33).
SHAHRAM MOGHADDAS FARIMANI; Mahdieh Sadat Mirtorabi
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to analysis the Impact of Extension Training Courses on economic empowerment of rural women in the Semnan province in Iran. The statistical population of the study consisted of all members of rural women's microfinance funds in the province of Semnan that 112 of them ...
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The purpose of this research was to analysis the Impact of Extension Training Courses on economic empowerment of rural women in the Semnan province in Iran. The statistical population of the study consisted of all members of rural women's microfinance funds in the province of Semnan that 112 of them were selected according to Cochran formula as sample and stratified random sampling method. This research was a survey and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to data collection. Reliability of the questionnaire by calculating Cranach's alpha (α= 0932) and validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The results of ranking the determinants of economic empowerment of rural women showed, suitable use of leisure for income-generating activities, Interesting and active pursuit of job and production affairs and continuous acquisition of knowledge, technical and professional skills in the first to third ranks and there are the most important factors of the economic empowerment of rural women in the Semnan province. Also, according to the results of exploratory factor analysis the most important explanations for the economic empowerment of rural women in the Semnan province submitted in 5 factors included: Independent and sustainable employment, access to financial and credit facilities, participation in social and professional affairs, expansion of communication in the purchase, marketing and sales, and leadership and management of business group. These factors, in total, were able to explain 73.29% of the total variance. There is a meaningful positive correlation between participation in educational extensions and four factors explaining the economic empowerment of rural women. The results of regression analysis also showed that the number of extension education courses is the most important factor affecting the economic empowerment of women, which in total explains 32 percent of dependent variable.
marjan vahedi; sumayeh suleymannejad; humayon muradnejadi
Abstract
Considering the role of women especially rural women in environment protection, recognizing the educational needs and related trainings for them is necessity. The purpose of this research was to investigating educational needs of Ilam rural women on environment protection. This quantitative and applied ...
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Considering the role of women especially rural women in environment protection, recognizing the educational needs and related trainings for them is necessity. The purpose of this research was to investigating educational needs of Ilam rural women on environment protection. This quantitative and applied analytical research was conducted. The statistical population of this research included all rural women in Ilam Township (N=13400). Using proportionate stratified random sampling method and based on Cochran formula, 150 of them were selected as the sample. Research instrument to collect data was questionnaire that its content validity confirmed by an expert panel and convergent validity confirmed by calculating CR= 0.87 and AVE=0.79. Ordinal theta (using R software), was calculated to measure reliability of the questionnaire (Θ =0.79 - 0.87). In order to determine educational needs, Bourich model was used. The results showed that rural women need training in all five components of environment protection, including protection of water, air, soil, maintaining species diversity of vegetative and animal and protecting forests and ranges. Comparison between two groups of rural women who participated and did not participate in related extension education courses using mann-whitney U, showed that there was significant difference between the two groups. Based on the findings of ordinal regression, two variables of education and use of radio and television had significant effect on the probability of indicating rural women’s educational needs
