Arezoo Rashidi; amirhosein alibeygi; ali asghar mirakzdeh
Abstract
AbstractThe overall goal of this descriptive- correlative study wasto investigate the effect of work - life balance, on the job satisfaction and the professional commitment of agricultural teachers in Tehran province. Statistical population included agricultural teachers (expert and general) of the conservatories ...
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AbstractThe overall goal of this descriptive- correlative study wasto investigate the effect of work - life balance, on the job satisfaction and the professional commitment of agricultural teachers in Tehran province. Statistical population included agricultural teachers (expert and general) of the conservatories and agricultural teachers centers of Tehran province (N=170), that 118 people of them were selected based on Krejci and Morgan as sample by the method of Proportional Stratified Random Sampling. The tool for measuring the work - life balance was the Wang and Ku scale, the tool of career satisfaction measurement was the job satisfaction of MINESOTA and the tool for measuring the professional commitment was the scale of Belav job commitment. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between the work-life balance and the job satisfaction-professional commitment of agricultural teachers.The results of multiple regression showed that the work-life balance explained about 38 percent of job satisfaction variance and 42 percent of professional commitment. Among the elements of work-life balance, the life orientation and job and career maintenance effect on the job satisfaction respectively and the elements of loyalty to the job, maintenance of the job and career and the flexibility of work plan effect on the professional commitment. The teachers of conservatories and the agricultural teachers centers did not have significant difference in terms of the work- life balance quantity but in terms of the job satisfaction and the professional commitment they were different.
Reza movahedi; faeze goli; Hamid Balali
Abstract
Abstract The main purpose of this study was to explore extension- training factors affecting the agricultural water management in Hamadan's potato production. This research has been done through a surveying method and data were gathered through a questionnaire tool. The study's population included 2341 ...
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Abstract The main purpose of this study was to explore extension- training factors affecting the agricultural water management in Hamadan's potato production. This research has been done through a surveying method and data were gathered through a questionnaire tool. The study's population included 2341 potato farmers around Hamedan, which of those 330 samples were selected based on Cochran formula by a simple randomized sampling method. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a team of agricultural experts and professors in agricultural extension and education department of Bu-Ali Sina University. The reliability of the research instrument was determined using Ordinal theta coefficient (θ= 0/80-0/95). The results of the factor analysis showed that the factors affecting on agricultural water management can be classified in 6 groups. These were: the mass media factor, quality of extension services centers, experts' skills, local institutions and social networks, visit system, and training courses. These factors explained 70 percent of the total variance changes. Results from ordinal regression analysis indicated that knowledge, extension-training factors, and attitudes explained 25 percent of the probability of variance of agricultural water management variable.
ali shams
leila safa; nasrin Mangeli
Abstract
Given the importance of entrepreneurship in providing new job opportunities and help create sustainable jobs on the one hand, and considering the importance of entrepreneurial intention as the most important factor to predict entrepreneurial behaviors on the other hand, it seems inevitable to study factors ...
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Given the importance of entrepreneurship in providing new job opportunities and help create sustainable jobs on the one hand, and considering the importance of entrepreneurial intention as the most important factor to predict entrepreneurial behaviors on the other hand, it seems inevitable to study factors affecting entrepreneurial intention. Accordingly, the main purpose of this research was to study the effect of entrepreneurial intention on agricultural students’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The statistical population of the study contained of all M.Sc. students in agriculture faculty of Zanjan University in 2014- 2015 academic year (N=469). According to Bartlett et al. (2001) table, a sample size of 285 was selected using a stratified random sampling method (n=285). Data were collected using the standard questionnaires of De Noble et al. (1999) and McGee et al. (2009) in order to measure of entrepreneurial intention and Linan and Chen (2009) and Lorz (2011) for measuring entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. Construct validity and composite reliability of the research instrument were tested by estimating the measurement model and they were satisfactory after making necessary corrections. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results indicated that entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial self-efficacy of majority of students were at low and medium levels for both variables. Also, the results showed that entrepreneurial self-efficacy had a positive and significant effect on dependent variable of entrepreneurial intention explaining about 40 percent of its variances.
rohoollah rezaei; fereshteh mirikaram
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to study the barriers affecting the level of students’ entrepreneurial skills. The statistical population of the research consisted of all postgraduate students of agricultural majors at the University College of Agricultural and Natural Resources in the University ...
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The purpose of this research was to study the barriers affecting the level of students’ entrepreneurial skills. The statistical population of the research consisted of all postgraduate students of agricultural majors at the University College of Agricultural and Natural Resources in the University of Tehran (N= 1188). According to the Krejcie and Morgan table, a sample size of 291 students was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. Researcher- made questionnaire was used to collect data. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. Construct validity and composite reliability of the research instrument were tested by estimating the measurement model and they were satisfactory after making necessary corrections. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. Results showed that, five factors including: lack of entrepreneurial educational content, communicative- informational weakness, weakness of practical and innovative skills, motivational issues and weak planning had significant negative effect on the level of students’ entrepreneurial skills, explaining 72 percent the probability of its variances. Also, Results indicated that structure of the research model was confirmed based on the model fit indices and theoretical framework of the research was consistent with reality.
Abstract
Due to high rate of unemployment among agricultural graduates, improving students' entrepreneurial capacity plays an important role in solving mentioned problem and also would improve economic condition of the society. The purpose of this cause- correlational study was to investigate factors related ...
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Due to high rate of unemployment among agricultural graduates, improving students' entrepreneurial capacity plays an important role in solving mentioned problem and also would improve economic condition of the society. The purpose of this cause- correlational study was to investigate factors related to M.Sc. students' entrepreneurship capacity. The statistical population consisted of 482 M.Sc. agricultural students at the University of Zanjan, from those 200 students were selected based on Krejcie and Morgan sampling table and applying randomized stratified sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire which its validity was verified by a panel of experts. A pilot study was conducted to determine the reliability of the research instrument, and calculated ordinal coefficient theta was at the appropriate level (CR= 0.85). The finding revealed that majority of students (76.5%) had an average level of entrepreneurship capacity. Analysis of data revealed that there is a positive significant relationship between students’ entrepreneurship capacity and their B.Sc. GPA, M.Sc. GPA and their interest toward agricultural major. Mann Whitney test applied revealed that students with job occupation had higher entrepreneurship capacity in comparison with students of no job occupation. Also, male students had a high entrepreneurship capacity in comparison with female students. Ordinal regression analysis showed that the interest towards major explained 24.2 percent of probability of the entrepreneurship capacity variance.
Abstract
Studying determinants of entrepreneurial intention and behavior represents a central topic in entrepreneurship literature. Although creativity is often seen as a core part of entrepreneurship process, its role has not been explored by using a valid theoretical framework until now. Drawing on the theory ...
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Studying determinants of entrepreneurial intention and behavior represents a central topic in entrepreneurship literature. Although creativity is often seen as a core part of entrepreneurship process, its role has not been explored by using a valid theoretical framework until now. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, this study investigates the role of creativity in shaping and developing entrepreneurial intention and its antecedents. The statistical population of this research consisted of 1450 senior agricultural students at four public universities in the west of Iran (N=1450). According to Daniel’s formula, a sample of 300 students was chosen through random stratified sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. Also, reliability of the research instrument was determined using ordinal Theta coefficient (θ =0.81-0.87). The results of structural equation modeling indicated that perceived behavioral control and attitudes toward entrepreneurship were significantly related to entrepreneurial intention, while the relationship between subjective norms and entrepreneurial intentions was not statistically significant. The results also showed that creativity was significantly related to attitudes toward entrepreneurship and perceived behavioral control. Moreover, structural equation modeling showed that creativity indirectly related to entrepreneurial intentions via perceived behavioral control and attitudes toward entrepreneurship. Findings highlight the role of creativity in developing entrepreneurial intention and contribute to the Theory of Planned Behavior and have some implications for entrepreneurship education.
Abstract
This two-phase research was done to identify and prioritize mechanisms of academic entrepreneurship in agricultural higher education. According to the research purpose, criteria to select key expert participants were identified as: actual experience in academic entrepreneurship, managerial experience ...
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This two-phase research was done to identify and prioritize mechanisms of academic entrepreneurship in agricultural higher education. According to the research purpose, criteria to select key expert participants were identified as: actual experience in academic entrepreneurship, managerial experience in policy making and institutional supporting for academic entrepreneurship, and professional experience as lecturer or researcher in academic entrepreneurship. A total of 24 experts participated in this Delphi technique. By a three-round Delphi study, the first phase was conducted in order to identify alternative mechanisms and criteria of academic entrepreneurship in higher agricultural education. As findings of the first phase, 5 alternatives and 7 criterion were extracted. Using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP), extracted alternative mechanisms and criteria of academic entrepreneurship were prioritized in the second phase. Required data was collected through pair-wise comparison and Expert Choice software used to analysis data. Finally, five methods of academic entrepreneurship ranked based on the seven criterion as: set up spin-off and start-up firms by agricultural faculty members for commercialization of research and supplying scientific services has the highest rank (relative weight of 0.242). Then set up a university academic cooperative, with relative weight of 0.242, licensing or selling patents, with relative weight of 0.213, contract research, with relative weight 0.182 and providing education and consulting services out of university, with relative weight of 0.099 got the next rank. Each mechanism of academic entrepreneurship has a different impact and specific implication.
Abstract
The entrepreneurship literature shows that entrepreneurial intention has important effect on entrepreneurship behavior. Therefore, it is important to identify factors influencing entrepreneurial intention. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy belief ...
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The entrepreneurship literature shows that entrepreneurial intention has important effect on entrepreneurship behavior. Therefore, it is important to identify factors influencing entrepreneurial intention. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy belief and entrepreneurial intention with mediating role of entrepreneurial attitude. This study, in terms of purpose, is considered as an applied research and in terms of data collection is field study. The statistical population consisted of 2000 agricultural and natural resources students in 2013-2014 academic year, among which, 145 students were randomly selected based on Cochran's formula. Data collection tool was questionnaire, that’s face validity was confirmed by a panel of agricultural extension and education experts, and its reliability was confirmed through calculating ordinal alpha and composite reliability coefficients (α = 0.702 - 0.906 and C= 0.801 - 0.904). The results showed that there is a positive relationship between self-efficacy belief and entrepreneurial intention. Also, the mediating role of entrepreneurial attitude in the relationship between self efficacy belief and entrepreneurial intention was confirmed.
Sahra Asaadi
Abstract
According the crucial importance of rural youth in agricultural jobs, the purpose of this research was to study the effects of barriers to rural youth tendency to engage in agricultural jobs in villages of Qasr-e Shirin, Kermanshah Province. All young aged between 15 to 29 in rural Qasr-e Shirin formed ...
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According the crucial importance of rural youth in agricultural jobs, the purpose of this research was to study the effects of barriers to rural youth tendency to engage in agricultural jobs in villages of Qasr-e Shirin, Kermanshah Province. All young aged between 15 to 29 in rural Qasr-e Shirin formed the statistical population of this descriptive correlation research (N=4230). The sample size was determined using Cochran formula and samples were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The face and content validity of questionnaire was approved using the panel related faculty members. Pre-test and calculating theta coefecient was used to measure the reliability (θ= 0.83). Applying Mann-Whitney test showed tendency to agricultural jobs by young members of mobile social network, was significantly lower than the non-members. Result of ordinal regression analysis showed that three variables, including worthiness feeling in the village, age and tendency towards rural area had a positive impact on tendency of youth to engage in the agricultural sector. But the educational level had a negative impact. Using factor analysis method, put obstacles to rural youth tendency toward agricultural jobs summarized into six factors including low attractiveness of agriculture and the lack of adequate employment facilities, higher productivity of non-agricultural jobs and arduous of agricultural work, negative attitude to the village and possibility of obtaining a higher position in the city, not proper grounds for farming, lack of welfare, health and recreational facilities in villages and higher profitability of capital in city.
nooshafarin safari; maryam ghasemipour; zahra Taheri
Abstract
Technology-based methods of teaching and learning strategies along with cognitive and metacognitive are among active methods that affect academic achievement and self-efficacy. This experimental research was conducted to investigate this impact with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The course ...
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Technology-based methods of teaching and learning strategies along with cognitive and metacognitive are among active methods that affect academic achievement and self-efficacy. This experimental research was conducted to investigate this impact with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The course population was 110 agricultural students of Payame Noor University attending course research method in Agricultural Economics in the first semester of 2014-2015 academic year. The statistical samples were determined using the Cochran formula (n=60) and selected by simple random method and randomly assigned equally to three groups (two experimental group and one control group). All of them filled the teacher's educational test for academic achievement and self-efficacy Sherer questionnaire (Sherer, et al. 1982) at the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stage. The experimental groups individually trained 10 sessions of 80 minutes with educational technology and cognitive and metacognitive learning strategies, studying the methods of research in agricultural economics, course research methods in Agricultural Economics was randomly selected to study from the public courses held semi-face to face at Payame Noor University. Data were processed using SPSS version 19 software. Findings showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of post-test and follow-up of the experimental and control groups in both the academic achievement and self-efficacy variables. Both educational methods, in addition to improving academic achievement and self-efficacy of students, improved the students' ability to conduct research in practical terms, removed classrooms from the traditional way and in addition to theoretical learning of course research method, students familiarized with
Abstract
Influencial Variables Used by villagers of Ilam Township from Agricultural Extension Radio programsKhodabakhsh Davodi Nasr , Hossein Agahi , Amirhossein Alibaygi AbstractKnow audiences and their expectations, including necessory variables to design and delivery of more effective and better Extension ...
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Influencial Variables Used by villagers of Ilam Township from Agricultural Extension Radio programsKhodabakhsh Davodi Nasr , Hossein Agahi , Amirhossein Alibaygi AbstractKnow audiences and their expectations, including necessory variables to design and delivery of more effective and better Extension education Radio programs. In this causal-relationship study, villagers use of local Radio Agricultural Extension programs (Hello fellow citizens and nomadic voice) from winter of 2015 until summer of next year, has been reviewd in Ilam township and variables affecting rural satisfaction of these programs, also been studied. the research population included 3546 rural household head of Ilam township. Based on kerejcie and Morgan table, 346 people of them were selected by cluster sampling. to gather the data a questionnaire was designed and its validity, was done by a panel of expert of professors of Agricultural Extension and education department of Ilam Islamic Azad university and its reliability by using alpha order, was approved. The results of regression showed that four variables of ordination and alignment of Radio programs with audiences Educational need , marital status , rural people linkages with Jihad agricultural centers and quality of programs, were the main variables influencing the dependent variable (the use of the Radio) and could predict, 50. 2 percent of likely changes of dependent variable. Keywords: villagers Educational Needs, Extension radio program , AgriculturalExtension
Hassan Alipour Alipour; Seyed Davood Haji Mirrahimi; Seyed Jalaledin Basam Basam; Abdolah Mokhber Mokhber; Amir Hagiahmadi Hagiahmadi
Abstract
Investigation the employment status of graduate in higher education institutes is one of the important and determine index in effectiveness of educational courses in order to promote the employment of the graduates.Therefore the purpose of this study was the effectiveness ...
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Investigation the employment status of graduate in higher education institutes is one of the important and determine index in effectiveness of educational courses in order to promote the employment of the graduates.Therefore the purpose of this study was the effectiveness of training courses of technical and vocational centers in Imam Khomeyni center as the biggest educational centers in Jihad-e Agriculture. Target population included agricultural technician graduates in the five years period (N=355). For this purpose 170 graduates were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data was collected by a standard questionnaire from Kirk Patrick evaluation model in two sections: assessing employment status of graduate and determine the effectiveness of training courses in employment of graduates. According to the results of study 64% of graduates were employed. The results of the impact of training courses on scientific and vocational skills based on Kirk Patrick model (in four level reactions, learning level, job performance and graduates' behavior) indicated that reaction of 43 percent of technician graduates in this center about training courses have been moderate.77 percent of graduates expressed that learning level in training coerces in this center have been moderate. Also, job performance among 44 percent of graduates was moderate. Finally 59 percent of graduates expressed that have more behavioral changes than those who were not trained. Results of structural equation modeling(SEM) indicated that except the reaction level, three other levels (learning, performance and behavior) had more roles in determining the effectiveness of training courses in this center.
Masoud Bijani; Farshad Majidi; Enayat Ababasi
Abstract
The publication of research findings is one of the major needs of the scientific community. Accordingly, the pathology of the process of publishing and preserving its quality has priority. The lack of dissemination of the research findings, especially in the agriculture, leads to the lack of knowledge ...
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The publication of research findings is one of the major needs of the scientific community. Accordingly, the pathology of the process of publishing and preserving its quality has priority. The lack of dissemination of the research findings, especially in the agriculture, leads to the lack of knowledge of researchers. On the other hand, the quality of research findings is important. In this regard, the purpose of this study was analyzing pathology of publishing research findings in the field of agriculture. The research method is descriptive which carried out by a survey for gathering data. The statistical population consisted of all faculty members and Ph.D. students of agriculture (6773 person) in the public universities of Iran. By using Krejcie and Morgan’s Table and three stage sampling 363 person were selected as sample (106 faculty members and 257 Ph.D. students). The data collection instrument was a questionnaire, which a panel of faculty members of agricultural extension and education confirmed its validity. The reliability of the items of the questionnaire was approved with calculating ordinal theta coefficient (0.72≤θ≤0.93). The damages of the publication of research findings were classified in three areas of publishing context (including the context of knowledge, ethics and attitudes), publishing structure (including structure of policy, investigation and acceptance, review process and printing) and publishing behavior (including behaviors of planning, organizing, writing, and reviewing) using three branches theory and their items were ranked as percived by respondents. Using factor analysis, four causative factors of data making and priorities, review process, principles of writing and resources and costs were extracted in the publication of agricultural research findings. At the end, based on the findings, functional recomendations were presented.
Bahman Khosravipour; Zahra Teimuri Koohsar; Nasibe Pourfateh
Abstract
In order to reduce the problems encountered by the agricultural sector, despite the high unemployment rate, one of the main solutions to removing obstacles is the attention to the entrepreneurial culture and entrepreneurial orientation, which for understanding the impact of cultural contexts on the individual's ...
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In order to reduce the problems encountered by the agricultural sector, despite the high unemployment rate, one of the main solutions to removing obstacles is the attention to the entrepreneurial culture and entrepreneurial orientation, which for understanding the impact of cultural contexts on the individual's behavior of providing educational services by agricultural consulting services companies is necessary. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between cultural intelligence and entrepreneurial orientation of experts in agriculture advisory services centers in Golestan province. The research is functional in terms of the purpose and its method is causal- communicational. The data were collected by distributing cultural intelligence questionnaires as well as entrepreneurial orientation among experts of agricultural consulting services in Golestan province. The statistical population is 150 people. The sample size was determined using the Morgan table of 110. The data were analyzed by applying the structural equations modeling and Spearman correlation test using SPSS and LISREL software. The most important results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between cultural intelligence and entrepreneurial orientation. Also, there is no significant relationship between four dimensions of cultural intelligence with entrepreneurial orientation.
Abdulhamid papzan
Abstract
The agricultural sector is the largest consumer of natural resources and at the same time plays a big role in preserving them as well. Urban agriculture is a method for decreasing the vulnerability of the urban population of the world against ecological changes.This study investigates multimedia measurement ...
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The agricultural sector is the largest consumer of natural resources and at the same time plays a big role in preserving them as well. Urban agriculture is a method for decreasing the vulnerability of the urban population of the world against ecological changes.This study investigates multimedia measurement of the effectiveness of urban agriculture for the purpose of home agricultural education using empirical research model Pretest-posttest control group without the use of random selection. The population of the study is 110 urban families in the city of Kermanshah who have had the experience of planting and growing plants at home and participated in Green Domestic Spaces Competition in 2014. The sample included 60 families which were divided in two 30 member groups, control and test groups. Sampling was conducted in the form accessibility and pre- and post-test questionnaires were used to collect the data. The reliability of the test was reported to be 85% using Cronbach's alpha and its validity was confirmed by supervisor Committee. SPSS 21.0 and t-test were used for the analysis of the data. Since any change in views takes a lot of time, this study has only focused on the areas of knowledge and skill. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between knowledge and Skills of test groups after the implementation of multimedia training methods and those of the control group.
Reza Movahedi; Masoud Samian; Nasim Izadi; Marjan sepahpanah
Abstract
The study's population included 500 both graduate and undergraduate students at Bu-Ali Sina University in 2017 academic year. A number of 217 students were randomly selected as samples using Morgan's sampling size table. In order to validate the questionnaire and access to reliable variables both panel ...
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The study's population included 500 both graduate and undergraduate students at Bu-Ali Sina University in 2017 academic year. A number of 217 students were randomly selected as samples using Morgan's sampling size table. In order to validate the questionnaire and access to reliable variables both panel of experts and a pre-test method were used. The reliability of the questionnaire estimated with R, was 0.88. Results showed that majority of the students (52.4 %) agreed to virtual social networks with a positive attitude. The students on graduated level and female gender have used VSNs more than other groups. The results of factor analysis of the effects of social networks on improvement of learning activities showed that the most important factors were the exchange of information with classmates and teachers, improving the culture of study and learning, improving personal and social communication and increasing the probability of job placement. The factors explain 61% of the variance of all variables. Also, the results of Spearman correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant relationship between gender and educational level of agricultural students with their attitude toward using social networks in the level of 99%, and the results of Kruskal Wallis test also indicate that between The attitude of male and female students towards social networks is significantly different at 99 percent
Nasrin Rahmati; Arsalan Irajirad; Dr. Mahmoud Mansoub Basiri
Abstract
Since rural women have fewer opportunities to grow and develop entrepreneurship due to existing constraints, this study investigated the effectiveness of agricultural education programs for rural women in creating entrepreneurship among rural women in 1996-95. The purpose of this study is applied, in ...
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Since rural women have fewer opportunities to grow and develop entrepreneurship due to existing constraints, this study investigated the effectiveness of agricultural education programs for rural women in creating entrepreneurship among rural women in 1996-95. The purpose of this study is applied, in terms of field data collection method and in terms of quasi-experimental variables control using questionnaire. The population of the study was 970 rural women members of rural women cooperatives in Alborz province who had previous training and extension courses related to employment and agricultural business. Using Cochran formula, 135 of them were identified and 140 individuals were selected by quota sampling to increase the accuracy of the data. Rural women with no background in training were also used to compare a group of 140 people. The validity of the research instrument was confirmed by expert opinion and the reliability was confirmed by ordinal theta coefficient (θ = 0.79 - 0.91). Results of Mann-Whitney nonparametric test indicated a statistically significant difference in entrepreneurial characteristics between the experimental and control groups. Individuals who participated in entrepreneurship courses also scored higher on the two components of success and ambiguity than the control group. Sequential regression analysis also showed that 6 variables of attitude, work, age, economic status, income, participation in courses and information seeking behavior explained 33% of the probability of changes in the level of dependent variable of entrepreneurial characteristics (R2=0.33).
Mehdi Alikhani Dadoukolaei; Mohammad Chizari; Masoud Bijani; Enayat Abbasi
Abstract
This study aimed to identify and assess classrooms’ physical environment improvement strategies by horticultural education teachers to work with students with special needs in Iran. This first phase was conducted used a modified Delphi technique. The specialized Delphi team consisted of gardening ...
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This study aimed to identify and assess classrooms’ physical environment improvement strategies by horticultural education teachers to work with students with special needs in Iran. This first phase was conducted used a modified Delphi technique. The specialized Delphi team consisted of gardening education teachers in the Special Education Organization of Iran (31 teachers). The outcome of this phase of the study was 27 strategies to improve the physical environment of classes. Results showed that all respondents agree that these strategies include: repeat and practice of the teaching procedure (two or three times orally) ; more practical training, putting disabled students beside students of the border, assignment of students to small practical projects meant to be fully accomplished. It seems that, before starting any teaching course, the agriculture teacher must comprehend the field of exceptional teaching and understand the needs of students with special needs in order to be able of providing proper feedbacks and a good strategy. The second phase was conducted a survey study. The population consisted of 80 horticultural teachers in Special Education Organization of Iran. According to finding, 34.8% of gardening education teachers evaluated their strategies at a very high level, 45.5% at a high level, and 19.7% at a moderate level. In addition, comprehension of the classrooms’ physical environment improvement strategies by the teachers brings about long-term consistency of agricultural teaching programs in exceptional schools.
Masoud Yazdanpanah; bahman khosravipour; yousof azadi
Abstract
The issue of unemployment and the increase in the number of university graduates is one of the most difficult challenges facing Iran. So that this issue has become one of the most significant problems mental for planners, policymakers, parents and young people, especially college graduates. Therefore, ...
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The issue of unemployment and the increase in the number of university graduates is one of the most difficult challenges facing Iran. So that this issue has become one of the most significant problems mental for planners, policymakers, parents and young people, especially college graduates. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the power of two theories of planned behavior and social cognitive career theory in predicting agricultural students’ intention towards self-employment in Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. The study population was undergraduate students of Khuzestan Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (N=2233). After a screening process 23 questionnaires had to be removed due to inconsistencies and missing data. The statistical sample was 304 students that determined by Krejcie and Morgan table, and a random sampling method was used to collect data from students using questionnaire. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. The reliability of the main scales of the questionnaires was examined by teta coefficients, which ranged from 0.70 to 0.90, indicating the tool of study is reliable. The results of structural equation modeling showed that social cognitive career theory with 85 percent prediction of self-employment intention variable was more powerful than theory of planned behavior in predicting intention towards self-employment.
Agricultural education
Reza Movahedi; Soraya Moradi; Taraneh Sarami Froushani
Abstract
Rural women need empowerment in various dimensions., as an effective group in rural communities development. The present study aims to examine the educational empowerment of rural women and the educational, promotional, economic, and social factors affecting it in the context of sustainable agriculture, ...
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Rural women need empowerment in various dimensions., as an effective group in rural communities development. The present study aims to examine the educational empowerment of rural women and the educational, promotional, economic, and social factors affecting it in the context of sustainable agriculture, conducted in the year 2023. The statistical population studied consists of 2,054 rural women from 12 villages in Islamabad Gharb County, who are directly involved in agricultural activities. From those, 324 individuals were selected as the samples using Morgan's table during a simple random method. This applied research is correlational-causal and conducted through a survey using a questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and the average variance extracted (AVE) was validated at 0.613. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured based on ordinal Alpha (ranging from 0.75 to 0.93) and composite alpha (ranging from 0.78 to 0.94) through a pre-test process. Data analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS Ver. 23, Smart PLS 3, and statistical methods like correlation and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the extracted beta coefficients from path analysis based on the PLS output showed that economic factors, extension education factors, governmental and organizational factors, and social capital had the highest impact on the educational empowerment of rural women, with coefficients of 0.303, 0.280, 0.277, and 0.271, respectively. It needs to motivate rural women through workshops and supportive-motivational programs, encourage their self-organization, and enhance their knowledge and attitudes regarding sustainable agriculture and food security.
Agricultural education
abolfazl kazemi; Marzieh Karimi; amir fatehi gibi
Abstract
Expert systems are designed to make expert-level knowledge accessible to non-experts by simulating human thinking and decision-making processes. These systems aim to replicate the reasoning patterns of specialists and bring computer-based performance closer to that of human experts. In recent years, ...
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Expert systems are designed to make expert-level knowledge accessible to non-experts by simulating human thinking and decision-making processes. These systems aim to replicate the reasoning patterns of specialists and bring computer-based performance closer to that of human experts. In recent years, a wide range of expert systems have been developed worldwide for various agricultural applications. The availability of low-cost computers, agricultural knowledge, and information technology has driven this trend. This paper presents the design of an expert system intended to support decision-making among orchardists. The knowledge base was developed using information gathered from literature and domain experts, and was encoded into a set of IF-THEN rules. The system was then evaluated in collaboration with agricultural specialists. Additionally, the designed expert system serves as an effective educational tool for farmers and agricultural students by providing accurate and up-to-date information on pests affecting pome fruit trees. It enables users to learn practical methods of pest identification and control, enhances their knowledge and professional skills, and supports both formal education and self-directed learning in agricultural training contexts.
Abstract
Corporate entrepreneurship is an important factor in the development and improvement of economic performance and wealth creation and can play a very important role in improving the performance of an organization.This research aimed to investigate driving factors of entrepreneurship development in agricultural ...
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Corporate entrepreneurship is an important factor in the development and improvement of economic performance and wealth creation and can play a very important role in improving the performance of an organization.This research aimed to investigate driving factors of entrepreneurship development in agricultural engineering, technical and consulting services companies in Alborz province. Statistical population included all employees of these companies (N=207). According to Cochran formula, the sample size was determined (n=119). For multi-stage random sampling method was used for sampling. The validity of the questionnaire was approved by some members of the professional department of agricultural extension and education. Its reliability coefficient was approved using ordinal theta (α= 0.78- 0.91). Friedman test showed that between four driving factors of entrepreneurship development, behavioral factor (with components including leadership style, entrepreneurial characteristics of managers, organizational culture and organizational communication) have the most importance. Factor analysis showed 57/765% of the variance of environmental factors of driving factors of entrepreneurship development in agricultural engineering, technical and consulting services companies in Alborz province explained by three factors which named as social support, legislating, meritocracy and convergence and two-way interactions. This research recommended attention of companies managers to delegation of authority, participating creative and innovative employees to solve companies problems and legality to create an atmosphere of healthy competition between companies in order to entrepreneurship development in agricultural engineering, technical and consulting services companies.
َAli Asadollahpour Kotenai; Hassan Alipour; Fatemeh Farhadi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the status of the New System of Agricultural Extension (NSAE) and the role of components in the challenges ahead. The research method was quantitative and Causal-comparative. The sample size based on Cochran's formula for extension's workers was 157 people with ...
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The purpose of this study was to analyze the status of the New System of Agricultural Extension (NSAE) and the role of components in the challenges ahead. The research method was quantitative and Causal-comparative. The sample size based on Cochran's formula for extension's workers was 157 people with Including 60 people of managers in selected cities the total sample size was 217. Stratified random sampling method with proportional assignment was used. The main tool for data collection was a questionnaire.The value of ordinal theta for research variables was 0.88 . The SPSS22 and Lisrel8.7 software were used for data analysis. The highest and lowest success rates were related to extension activities and repair and equipping of agricultural jihad centers, respectively. By using of Factor Analysis the challenges of NSAE were divided into six categories, which include: education and research, development and support, planning and policy-making, communication, organization and management. In total, these six factors explained about 73.2% of the total variance of the challenges of NSAE. In order to test the accuracy of the factor structure of the observed variables; Confirmatory factor analysis was used and the indices of χ2/df and RMSEA were equal to 2.49 and 0.043 respectively which confirmed the good fit of the model. Path analysis method was used to test the causal model of the impact of the components in creating the challenges. As a result, about 94% of the variance of the challenges variable was explained by the variables of the component of AENA.
