Reza Movahedi; Soraya Moradi; Taraneh Sarami Froushani
Abstract
Rural women need empowerment in various dimensions., as an effective group in rural communities development. The present study aims to examine the educational empowerment of rural women and the educational, promotional, economic, and social factors affecting it in the context of sustainable agriculture, ...
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Rural women need empowerment in various dimensions., as an effective group in rural communities development. The present study aims to examine the educational empowerment of rural women and the educational, promotional, economic, and social factors affecting it in the context of sustainable agriculture, conducted in the year 2023. The statistical population studied consists of 2,054 rural women from 12 villages in Islamabad Gharb County, who are directly involved in agricultural activities. From those, 324 individuals were selected as the samples using Morgan's table during a simple random method. This applied research is correlational-causal and conducted through a survey using a questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and the average variance extracted (AVE) was validated at 0.613. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured based on ordinal Alpha (ranging from 0.75 to 0.93) and composite alpha (ranging from 0.78 to 0.94) through a pre-test process. Data analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS Ver. 23, Smart PLS 3, and statistical methods like correlation and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the extracted beta coefficients from path analysis based on the PLS output showed that economic factors, extension education factors, governmental and organizational factors, and social capital had the highest impact on the educational empowerment of rural women, with coefficients of 0.303, 0.280, 0.277, and 0.271, respectively. It needs to motivate rural women through workshops and supportive-motivational programs, encourage their self-organization, and enhance their knowledge and attitudes regarding sustainable agriculture and food security.
Mohsen Salman; Ghadir Firouznia; Behruz Gharani Arani
Abstract
The present study was conducted in response to the assessment of specialized agricultural training needs, the method of implementation and measurement of the effectiveness of specialized agricultural training required by the heads of the board of directors and managing directors of rural production cooperatives. ...
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The present study was conducted in response to the assessment of specialized agricultural training needs, the method of implementation and measurement of the effectiveness of specialized agricultural training required by the heads of the board of directors and managing directors of rural production cooperatives. The statistical sample in the educational needs assessment section consisted of 67 heads of the board of directors and 67 managing directors by simple random method, and 56 experts (including 28 experts responsible for exploitation systems and 28 experts from the education department) were selected. Specialized training courses were selected based on the calendar approved by the Central Organization of Rural Cooperatives, and agreement measurement was used to determine the educational needs. The 5e constructivist teaching model (activation, exploration, explanation, elaboration, and evaluation) was used to implement the training courses. The data collection tool was a questionnaire based on the Kirkpatrick effectiveness assessment model, whose reliability was estimated at the desired level by calculating the ordinal theta coefficient and composite reliability and validity were also estimated by referring to the construct validity index. The results of the descriptive findings indicated that in the educational needs assessment section, there was consensus among experts, board chairmen, and managing directors regarding the educational needs of familiarity with water laws and regulations, how to form watershed groups and manage irrigation on the farm, converting and processing agricultural and livestock products, managing the use of chemical fertilizers and micronutrients, familiarity with agricultural pesticides and their use in agriculture and horticulture.
samane yegane; mahboobeh arefi; gholamreza shams; عباس Norozi
Abstract
The content in the educational program of training extension throughout history and in different countries has been of interest. Critical review of the content provided through agricultural extension and training programs is necessary to ensure their effectiveness; the performance of the extension system ...
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The content in the educational program of training extension throughout history and in different countries has been of interest. Critical review of the content provided through agricultural extension and training programs is necessary to ensure their effectiveness; the performance of the extension system largely depends on the appropriateness of its content. The current research was conducted with the aim of examining the content of the training program of agricultural extension, qualitative approach and systematic review method were used to collect data, and the articles from the SCOPUS database, from 2018-2024 and according to the keywords and The prisma structure was selected, so 25 scientific-research articles were included in the study. The sources were carefully examined using thematic analysis and through MAXQDA2020 software. Findings 7 key themes, each of which has a central role in shaping the content of the training program for extension and agricultural training, including communication and compatibility, sustainability, technology, policy and budget, accessibility and inclusiveness, cultural sensitivity and stakeholders. These are introduced by 24 components and 86 codes. According to the results, this article provides valuable insights on the evolution of agricultural extension and training curriculum content and emphasizes the need for continuous improvement and adaptation in the face of emerging global challenges.
elham monazzah; ahmad rezvanfar; Seyyed Hamid Movahed Mohammadi
Abstract
Since agriculture is considered one of the key sectors of the country's economy, the lack of studies on e-commerce in the agricultural field highlights the necessity of addressing this issue. Given that teaching any phenomenon requires prerequisites for its application by the learner, this study ...
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Since agriculture is considered one of the key sectors of the country's economy, the lack of studies on e-commerce in the agricultural field highlights the necessity of addressing this issue. Given that teaching any phenomenon requires prerequisites for its application by the learner, this study aimed to examine the educational requirements of various e-commerce architecture models tailored to the needs of cherry producers in Khorasan Razavi Province. The statistical population of this research consisted of all cherry orchard owners in Khorasan Razavi Province, totaling 1365 orchardists. A stratified sampling method with proportional allocation was employed, and 300 orchardists were selected as the sample. Considering the known population size, it was feasible to use sampling methods with a fixed population assumption. The sampling was conducted randomly. The primary data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity was assessed through expert panel opinions, and reliability was confirmed via Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and composite reliability index, with all constructs scoring above 0.7 Data were processed using SPSS version 25 and AMOS version 24 software. The findings of the second-order confirmatory factor analysis indicate that the research data align well with the factorial structure and the research infrastructure, demonstrating the compatibility of the questions with theoretical constructs. Furthermore, the results of the second-order confirmatory factor analysis reveal that among various e-commerce architectures used by cherry producers, electronic auction models, value chain service providers, and third-party marketplaces had the highest weights and the greatest alignment with the studied social system compared to other architectures.
Amirhossein Alibaygi; Ghafar Ghanbari; Ismail Karami Dehkordi
Abstract
. This research was conducted with the aim of measuring the coverage of agricultural extension services in Kermanshah province and the factors affecting it were done in 2024. Research in terms of general approach, in terms of nature (objective). At first, the indicators related to the coverage of agricultural ...
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. This research was conducted with the aim of measuring the coverage of agricultural extension services in Kermanshah province and the factors affecting it were done in 2024. Research in terms of general approach, in terms of nature (objective). At first, the indicators related to the coverage of agricultural extension services and the influencing factors were identified qualitatively and using the Delphi technique. The research community in the qualitative part and in order to identify the indicators, there are four members of the academic faculty members of agricultural extension and training, six extension coordination management experts, five city extension officials and seven regional promoters. There were 22 people in total. This stage identified 25 indicators in line with the coverage of agricultural extension services and 40 indicators in line with effective factors. The identified indicators were set in the form of a questionnaire.The identified questions were prepared in the form of a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research in the quantitative sector, there were 711 experts responsible for the domain, and 252 people were selected through the Kerjsi and Morgan table using the stratified random sampling method with proportional assignment based on the leveling of the centers. After normalizing and weighting the indicators, the coverage status of agricultural extension services was determined based on perscottAllen's five classes. The effective factors on the coverage of agricultural extension services were also identified using a multi regression method.
shaho rasteghar; karim Naderi Madeei; fatemeh sepahvand
Abstract
The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship be-tween livelihood capital and environmental behavior of rangeland users. This research is applied in terms of its purpose. The data collection tool was a researcher-made ques-tionnaire and the sampling method was simple ...
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The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship be-tween livelihood capital and environmental behavior of rangeland users. This research is applied in terms of its purpose. The data collection tool was a researcher-made ques-tionnaire and the sampling method was simple random. The statistical sample included 190 rangeland owners living in rural areas of Saral Rural District, Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province. The results of the correlation showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all livelihood variables and environmental behavior of villagers, but the relationship between financial capital and environmental behavior is negative and inverse. The results related to multiple regression also showed that the human capital and social capital variables explained a total of 0.56% of the variance of the environmental behavior variable. The overall results of this study showed that any training for rural communities (learning new skills and professions, level of knowledge and skills about rangeland, etc.) can directly affect environmental behavior; Because environmental education and awareness are recognized as a key tool for changing atti-tudes, strengthening social responsibility, and promoting sustainable lifestyles, and this process, while creating knowledge, will lead to environmental behavior and strengthen the ability to analyze complex issues and make informed decisions in individuals.
abdolrahim gheyassi; amir Alambeigi
Abstract
Identifying the details of the role of social support from agricultural academic staff on the job search behavior of agricultural students is a scientific necessity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the role of social support from academic staff of agricultural higher education ...
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Identifying the details of the role of social support from agricultural academic staff on the job search behavior of agricultural students is a scientific necessity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the role of social support from academic staff of agricultural higher education institutions on the job search behavior of agricultural students. Fourth-year undergraduate students of all agricultural fields in public universities constituted the statistical population of this study. 384 students from ten universities were selected as the statistical sample of the study using the inverse square root method and two-stage sampling method. After designing and confirming face validity, construct validity (AVE = 0.54-0.79), reliability (θ= 0.79-0.90), and composite reliability (CR<0.88-0.92), the research questionnaire was distributed among the respondents. The dominant statistical method was structural equation modeling. The results showed that social support from agricultural academic staff is effective in improving the job search behavior of agricultural students. The results also showed that psychological capital partially mediates the effect of social support on students' job search behavior. However, according to the results obtained, the supportive role of academic staff of higher education institutions in strengthening students' psychological capital is nonlinear. More social support from academic staff is suggested to improve job search behavior and the psychological capital of agricultural students.
zahra athari; Behrooz Moradi
Abstract
Despite the significant importance of natural resources in sustaining human life, the training of the protection unit force, has not aligned with their educational needs as it should. Therefore the purpose of this descriptive – analytical research was to investigate the educational needs of the protection ...
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Despite the significant importance of natural resources in sustaining human life, the training of the protection unit force, has not aligned with their educational needs as it should. Therefore the purpose of this descriptive – analytical research was to investigate the educational needs of the protection unit forces of the General Directorate of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Kermanshah Province using the Borich needs assessment model. The research population consisted of the protection unit forces of the General Directorate of Natural Resources and Watershed Management in Kermanshah Province (N=112), and ultimately, 105 questionnaires were completed. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The ordinal coefficient theta (Ө=0.86) and a panel of experts were used to establish its reliability and validity, respectively. Based on the results, the educational needs of the protection unit force in natural resources and watershed management were prioritized as follows: familiarity with GIS software, understanding the rules of criminal procedure and legal claims, and knowledge of laws regarding the carrying of weapons. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the importance of technical-specialized needs, legal needs, protective-supportive needs, fire prevention and extinguishing needs, and Phytomedicine needs accounted for approximately 79 percent of the variance related to the training needs of the protection unit forces. The results achieved from ordinal regression method indicated that 32 percent of probability criterion variable is explained by variables of age and work history. Training courses on map reading skills and the optimal use of GIS and GPS should be prioritized.
Shokofeh Bakhtvar; Shahpar Geravandi
Abstract
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the pro-environmental behavior of beekeepers using the integrated Hermann-Ajzen model. The statistical population of this research consisted of beekeepers in Javanrud County (N=180) who had participated in environmental education courses and were studied ...
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Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the pro-environmental behavior of beekeepers using the integrated Hermann-Ajzen model. The statistical population of this research consisted of beekeepers in Javanrud County (N=180) who had participated in environmental education courses and were studied through a census method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made, three-part questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by expert faculty members, and its reliability was verified using Cronbach’s alpha, AVE, and CR tests. To examine causal relationships among variables, structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed using Smart PLS software. An analysis of mental processing indicators among the studied beekeepers revealed that the dominant mental styles were, in descending order: yellow mind (Mean = 4.15, SD = 0.91), blue mind (Mean = 3.78, SD = 0.50), green mind (Mean = 3.42, SD = 1.08), and red mind (Mean = 2.96, SD = 1.25). Furthermore, the structural equation modeling results showed no significant relationships between attitude and intention toward pro-environmental behavior (p=0.365, t=0.906), intention and mental processing indicators (p=0.419, t=0.808), pro-environmental behavior and mental processing indicators (p=0.976, t=0.030), and subjective norms and intention toward pro-environmental behavior (p=0.395, t=0.850). Consequently, the null hypothesis remained valid. However, significant relationships were observed between intention and pro-environmental behavior (p=0.011, t=2.541), attitude and mental processing indicators (p=0.015, t=2.441), perceived behavioral control and mental processing indicators (p=0.000, t=3.426), subjective norms and mental processing indicators (p=0.000, t=4.046), perceived behavioral control and pro-environmental behavior (p=0.002, t=3.094), and pro-environmental behavior and perceived behavioral control (p=0.001, t=3.282).
یوسفی برهانی Yousefi Borhani; Seyd mahdi mirdamadi
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the training needs of CEOs and members of agricultural pro-duction cooperatives in Ilam and Khuzestan provinces using the Borich model and quadrant analysis in 2023. The statistical population of this study included 749 managing directors and members of agricultural ...
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The current study aimed to investigate the training needs of CEOs and members of agricultural pro-duction cooperatives in Ilam and Khuzestan provinces using the Borich model and quadrant analysis in 2023. The statistical population of this study included 749 managing directors and members of agricultural production cooperatives and 51 managers of the National Rural Cooperative Organization. The data collection tool was a questionnaire based on the Borich model. The validity of the research tool was confirmed using the opinions of experts in the Rural Cooperative Organization's Education Office. Its diagnostic validity and composite reliability were achieved by estimating the measurement model and after applying technical opinions and a composite theta of above 0.7. First, the training needs were determined from the perspective of managing directors. Then, based on the quadrant analysis and the agreement of the views of the CEOs and experts in the field, general training courses on transaction regulations, financial management in production cooperatives, and specialized training courses on the principles of equipping and integrating land, familiarity with modern irrigation networks and systems, familiarity with water laws and regulations, the law and executive regulations on cooperative production, the basics of smart agriculture, and fair water distribution were determined as priority training courses. Considering the similarity of the two models, it can be concluded that there is agreement between the experts, CEOs, and members of production cooperatives on training priorities.
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