تاثیر آموزش کارآفرینی و سودمندی آن بر قصد کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان کشاورزی دانشگا‌ه‌های غرب کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیارگروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

2 دانشگاه بوعلی سینا

چکیده

آموزش کارآفرینی یک موضوع مهم و مورد توجه در دانشگاه‌های کشورهای مختلف جهان می‌باشد و سودمندی‌های آن مورد ستایش محققان و آموزشگران قرار گرفته است، ولی اثربخشی واقعی این نوع آموزش به طور جامع بررسی نشده است. بنابراین هدف این پژوهش آن است که با استفاده از نظریه رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده، تاثیر آموزش‌ کارآفرینی مشخص شود و سودمندی‌های ناشی از این گونه برنامه‌ها تعیین گردد. روش پژوهش، شبه تجربی از نوع پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون می‌باشد. به منظور انجام این پژوهش، 109 تن دانشجویان کشاورزی شرکت کننده در درس‌های آموزش کارآفرینی در چهار دانشگاه‌ غرب کشور (بوعلی سینا، کردستان، شهرکرد و ایلام) به عنوان جامعه آماری انتخاب شدند. داده‌های مورد نیاز از طریق پرسشنامه در آغاز و پس از پایان درس‌های کارآفرینی تکمیل و گردآوری شد. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه‌ را گروهی از خبرگان بررسی و تایید کردند و پایایی بخش‌های مختلف آن نیز با استفاده از ضریب تتای ترتیبی تایید شد (71/0 تا 88/0). بنا بر نتایج، تاثیر آموزش کارآفرینی بر عامل‌های انگیزشی (نگرش، کنترل رفتاری درک شده، هنجارهای ذهنی) و قصد کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان مثبت و معنی‌داری بود. همچنین نتایج بیانگر آن بودند که در بخش سودمندی‌های برنامه (یادگیری، الهام‌بخش بودن و منابع رشد)، تنها یادگیری با تغییر نگرش و قصد کارآفرینانه رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری داشت. در مجموع، یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که "نظریه رفتار برنامه ریزی شده" می‌تواند چارچوب مناسبی برای بررسی اثربخشی برنامه‌های آموزش کارآفرینی فراهم کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education and Its Benefits on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Agricultural Students in West Iran Universities

نویسنده [English]

  • saeed karimi 1
چکیده [English]

Entrepreneurship education is a fast growing area and a hot topic in colleges and universities all around the world, and its supposed benefits have been much praised by researchers and educators; nevertheless, the outcomes and effectiveness of entrepreneurship education programs have remained largely untested. Building on the theory of planned behavior, an ex-ante and ex-post survey was used to assess the impact of entrepreneurship education programs on students’ entrepreneurial intentions and also to explore the benefits of these programs. Data were collected by a questionnaire from a sample of 109 participants in entrepreneurship courses at four universities (Bu-Ali Sina, Kordestan, Shahrekord, Ilam). Entrepreneurship education had significant positive impacts on motivational factors (i.e., subjective norms, attitudes and perceived behavioral control) and students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Moreover, from the three entrepreneurship education-related benefits (i.e., learning, inspiration and resources) learning proved to be associated with the increase in perceived behavioral control, entrepreneurial attitudes intentions. In total, this study shows the theory of planned behavior can provide a useful framework to assess the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurship education
  • Entrepreneurial intentions
  • Theory of planned behavior
  • Learning
  • Inspiration

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