نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه ترویج وآموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

این پژوهش، به دنبال شناسایی و ارزیابی راهبردهای اصلاح محیط فیزیکی آموزش، توسط آموزشگران باغبانی، برای کار با هنرجویان با نیازهای ویژه در ایران بود. مرحله‌ی نخست این پژوهش، با استفاده از فن دلفی اصلاح شده انجام گرفت. جامعه آماری شامل 31 نفر از آموزشگران باغبانی در سازمان آموزش و پرورش استثنایی ایران بود. نتیجه این مرحله از مطالعه شناسایی 27 راهبرد اصلاح محیط فیزیکی آموزش بود که با نیازهای ویژه هر هنر‌آموز متناسب می‌شود. تکرار و تمرین در محیط‌های اصلاح شده‌ی آموزشی، آموزش عملی بیش‌تر در محیط‌های متناسب شده (مانند گلخانه)، ساخت میز کاشت و میز کار برای هنرجویان با معلولیت‌های جسمی حرکتی، از مهم‌ترین راهبردهایی بودند که پاسخ‌گویان با آن‌ها موافق بودند. هم‌چنین، یافته‌ها گویای آن بودند که پیش از آغاز آموزش، یک آموزشگر باغبانی باید درباره‌ی هنرجویان با نیازهای ویژه شناخت کاملی داشته باشد تا بتواند بازخورد و راهبرد مناسبی ارایه کند. مرحله‌ی دوم تحقیق، یک بررسی پیمایشی بود. جامعه آماری این مرحله، 80 نفر از آموزشگران باغبانی بودند. یافته‌های این مرحله از تحقیق نشان داد که 8/34 درصد آموزشگران باغبانی، راهبردهای مورد استفاده خود را در سطح بسیار زیاد، 5/45 درصد در سطح زیاد و 7/19 درصد در سطح متوسط ارزیابی کردند. هم‌چنین شناسایی راهبرد‌های اصلاح محیط فیزیکی کلاس درس توسط آموزشگران باغبانی، پایداری درازمدت برنامه‌های آموزش باغبانی در مدرسه‌های استثنایی را رقم می‌زند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Strategies for Physical Environment Improvement of Horticultural Education for Students with Special Needs

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Alikhani Dadoukolaei 1
  • Mohammad Chizari 2
  • Masoud Bijani 3
  • Enayat Abbasi 4

1 Former Ph.D. Student, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), College of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), College of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Tehran, Iran.

3 Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education Department of Agricultural Extension and Education College of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University (TMU) Tehran, Iran

4 Associate Professor of Agricultural Extension and Education Department of Agricultural Extension and Education College of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University (TMU) Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study aimed to identify and assess classrooms’ physical environment improvement strategies by horticultural education teachers to work with students with special needs in Iran. This first phase was conducted used a modified Delphi technique. The specialized Delphi team consisted of gardening education teachers in the Special Education Organization of Iran (31 teachers). The outcome of this phase of the study was 27 strategies to improve the physical environment of classes. Results showed that all respondents agree that these strategies include: repeat and practice of the teaching procedure (two or three times orally) ; more practical training, putting disabled students beside students of the border, assignment of students to small practical projects meant to be fully accomplished. It seems that, before starting any teaching course, the agriculture teacher must comprehend the field of exceptional teaching and understand the needs of students with special needs in order to be able of providing proper feedbacks and a good strategy. The second phase was conducted a survey study. The population consisted of 80 horticultural teachers in Special Education Organization of Iran. According to finding, 34.8% of gardening education teachers evaluated their strategies at a very high level, 45.5% at a high level, and 19.7% at a moderate level. In addition, comprehension of the classrooms’ physical environment improvement strategies by the teachers brings about long-term consistency of agricultural teaching programs in exceptional schools.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • physical environment improvement
  • horticultural education
  • special school
  • students with special needs
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